Impact of Pharmacist Mediated Patient Counseling on Medication Adherence of Tuberculosis Patients at Wadi Towns of Kalaburagi District

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the bacillus called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. 10 TBs disease progression leads to symptoms (cough, chest pain, weakness, weight loss, fever, and night sweats) greatly decrease ones quality of life and increase risk for mortality, morbidity, and leads to loss of productivity¹. Tuberculosis are transmitted exclusively by inhalation of infective droplets from patients with tuberculosis through coughing, sneezing, talking or spitting². The disease primarily affects lungs and causes pulmonary tuberculosis. It can also affect intestine, meninges, bones and joints, lymph glands skin and other tissues of the body³.

The study was conducted in wadi town Kalaburgi district, over a period of six months from March-August 2024 to evaluate medication adherance of TB patient by MMS scores The study was carried out amongst TB patients, their socio-economic condition, their education occupation and their medication adherence The evaluation was done for assessing the symptoms, complications, aggravating factors, environmental condition and the main purpose of study was to give knowledge about medication adherance. The tools and teaching aids used for the study purpose are specially designed pretested and validated questionnaires, leaflets and videos.

The study revealed that out of 124 participants, 62.9% were males and 37.09% were females. Most of the participants, 62.5% were having lower socio-economic condition. Maximum number of tuberculosis patients were from the age group of 20-40years 43.54% . About 77.4% patients had pulmonary tuberculosis and about 22.5% patients had Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis also 9.6% patients had HTN and 3.2% patients had T2DM.In the view of bad habits about 54% patients were involved in consuming alcohol along with chewing tobacco and smoking. Post intervention the score had improved about medication adherence, proper following of dosage.

This research offers a holistic framework for the pharmacist mediated counseling on the Tuberculosis in young and geriatric people. The parameters used for this study resulted into thorough knowledge about various attributes and causes of tuberculosis. Knowledge sharing about tuberculosis, proper medication adherence of tuberculosis preventive measures by patients and patient attenders and proper treatment thereof is required for tuberculosis patients and family of the patients.